Introduction: Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine that may lead to back pain, restricted mobility, and respiratory impairment. Thoracolumbar scoliosis persisting after posterior lumbar fixation with lumbar prolapsed intervertebral disc (PIVD) is a remarkable challenge in postoperative rehabilitation. Posterior Lumbar fixation with laminectomy provides spinal stability, decreases the neural symptoms however few functional impairments and postural imbalance may remain.

Objective: To describe the effect of Schroth method on pain, posture, core strength, chest expansion, functional outcome in a patient with thoracolumbar scoliosis following posterior lumbar fixation with laminectomy.

Methodology: The patient was a 53-year-old woman with thoracolumbar scoliosis who underwent posterior lumbar fixation with laminectomy surgery in August 2025. Postoperative assessment revealed pain (VAS 4/10), limited trunk range of motion, postural deviations, decreased core strength, breathing asymmetry and impaired activities of daily living. The physiotherapy program consisted of Schroth-specific exercises administered over 5 treatment sessions per week.

Results: After the implementation of the Schroth-specific exercise regimen, the patient exhibited considerable improvements in posture, evident by decreased trunk asymmetry, better spinal alignment. Pain levels saw a significant reduction, with Visual Analog Scale scores falling from 4/10 to 0/10. Outcomes related to functionality showed marked improvement, including enhanced performance in daily activities, increased walking endurance, and better trunk control and balance. Furthermore, advancements were noted in core muscle activation, respiratory function through the effective use of rotational angular breathing, and overall quality of life. These results indicate that the Schroth-specific exercises had a beneficial impact on the patient’s recovery following surgery.

Conclusion: Schroth-based physiotherapy initiated in the late postoperative phase can effectively improve posture, breathing mechanics, and functional outcomes in patients with thoracolumbar scoliosis following posterior lumbar fixation and laminectomy. This case supports the inclusion of scoliosis-specific exercises as an adjunct to conventional postoperative rehabilitation.