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VOL. 11, ISSUE 3 (2026)
Assessment of posture related musculoskeletal risk levels among packaged drinking water loaders in Mumbai using rapid entire body assessment (REBA)
Authors
Dr. Niha Nazim Mujawar, Dr. Deepali Rathod
Abstract
Background: Manual material handling activities, especially repetitive lifting of heavy loads, are associated with a high risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Packaged drinking water loaders frequently perform physically demanding tasks such as lifting and carrying 20-liter water bottles, which may predispose them to musculoskeletal risk. However, limited studies have assessed posture-related risk levels in this occupational group using standardized ergonomic tools.
Objective: To assess posture-related musculoskeletal risk levels among packaged drinking water loaders in Mumbai using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ).
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 64 packaged drinking water loaders aged 20–40 years using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured case record form, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and REBA scale. Postural analysis was performed using Kinovea software. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The mean age of participants was 29.84 ± 6.35 years. Majority of participants (69%) were at high risk and 22% at very high risk according to REBA scores. Musculoskeletal pain was most prevalent in the lower back (48%), followed by shoulder (31%) and upper back (25%).
Conclusion: Packaged drinking water loaders demonstrated a high prevalence of musculoskeletal risk, particularly affecting the lower back and shoulder. The majority were categorized under high and very high risk levels, indicating the need for ergonomic interventions.
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Pages:160-164
How to cite this article:
Dr. Niha Nazim Mujawar, Dr. Deepali Rathod "Assessment of posture related musculoskeletal risk levels among packaged drinking water loaders in Mumbai using rapid entire body assessment (REBA)". International Journal of Yoga, Physiotherapy and Physical Education, Vol 11, Issue 3, 2026, Pages 160-164
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