Background: Hemiparesis is one of the most common neurological impairments following damage to the central nervous system, particularly after stroke, resulting in significant upper-limb dysfunction and reduced functional independence. Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) has emerged as an evidence-based rehabilitation approach that promotes recovery by overcoming learned non-use and enhancing neuroplasticity.

Objective: This review aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the mechanisms, clinical effectiveness, applications, and future perspectives of CIMT in the rehabilitation of individuals with hemiparesis.

Methods: A narrative review of the contemporary literature was conducted by synthesizing findings from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical practice guidelines related to CIMT and upper-limb rehabilitation in patients with hemiparesis.

Results: Available evidence consistently demonstrates that CIMT significantly improves upper-limb motor function, manual dexterity, spontaneous arm use, and activities of daily living, particularly among patients with residual voluntary movement following Stroke. Modified CIMT protocols have improved treatment feasibility while maintaining clinical effectiveness. Furthermore, recent advances integrating CIMT with robotic-assisted rehabilitation, virtual reality, wearable sensors, and telerehabilitation have expanded its clinical applications and may further enhance rehabilitation outcomes. Nevertheless, treatment response remains influenced by factors such as patient selection, intervention timing, treatment intensity, and adherence.