Background: Shot put is a power-based throwing event where efficient force transfer through the shoulder girdle and scapular muscles is essential for optimal performance. The upper trapezius and serratus anterior muscles play a crucial role in scapular stabilization and movement during the delivery phase of shot put. Insufficient strength and endurance of these muscles may affect throwing performance and increase the risk of shoulder injuries. Therefore, evaluating the association between scapular muscle strength, endurance, and performance is important in throwing athletes.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 64 shot put players aged between 18–35 years in and around Latur using purposive sampling. Participants were assessed for scapular muscle endurance using the Scapular Muscle Endurance Test (SMET), muscle strength using Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and performance using the Unilateral Seated Shot Put Test (USSPT). The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistical analysis.

Result: The study showed that players with longer training duration demonstrated higher endurance scores, improved muscle strength of upper trapezius and serratus anterior, and better shot put performance. Both endurance (SMET scores) and strength (MMT grades) increased progressively with training experience, and higher values were associated with greater USSPT distances.